Changeofcharacter — 指标和策略

eBacktesting - Learning: Change of Character eBacktesting - Learning: Change of Character helps you spot a “Change of Character” (CHoCH) — the moment price stops behaving one way and starts behaving the other. It does this by tracking clear swing highs and swing lows, then marking the first **candle close** that breaks structure **against** the current move: - Bullish CHoCH: price shifts from making lower structure to breaking above a key swing high. - Bearish CHoCH: price shifts from making higher structure to breaking below a key swing low. Use CHoCH to practice timing: early trend shifts, reversals, and potential new legs — especially when combined with your usual confluence (liquidity, premium/discount, key levels, sessions, etc.). These indicators are built to pair perfectly with the eBacktesting extension, where traders can practice these concepts step-by-step. Backtesting concepts visually like this is one of the fastest ways to learn, build confidence, and improve trading performance. Educational use only. Not financial advice.

SMC N-Gram Probability Matrix [PhenLabs]📊 SMC N-Gram Probability Matrix Version: PineScript™ v6 📌 Description The SMC N-Gram Probability Matrix applies computational linguistics methodology to Smart Money Concepts trading. By treating SMC patterns as a discrete “alphabet” and analyzing their sequential relationships through N-gram modeling, this indicator calculates the statistical probability of which pattern will appear next based on historical transitions. Traditional SMC analysis is reactive—traders identify patterns after they form and then anticipate the next move. This indicator inverts that approach by building a transition probability matrix from up to 5,000 bars of pattern history, enabling traders to see which SMC formations most frequently follow their current market sequence. The indicator detects and classifies 11 distinct SMC patterns including Fair Value Gaps, Order Blocks, Liquidity Sweeps, Break of Structure, and Change of Character in both bullish and bearish variants, then tracks how these patterns transition from one to another over time. 🚀 Points of Innovation First indicator to apply N-gram sequence modeling from computational linguistics to SMC pattern analysis Dynamic transition matrix rebuilds every 50 bars for adaptive probability calculations Supports bigram (2), trigram (3), and quadgram (4) sequence lengths for varying analysis depth Priority-based pattern classification ensures higher-significance patterns (CHoCH, BOS) take precedence Configurable minimum occurrence threshold filters out statistically insignificant predictions Real-time probability visualization with graphical confidence bars 🔧 Core Components Pattern Alphabet System: 11 discrete SMC patterns encoded as integers for efficient matrix indexing and transition tracking Swing Point Detection: Uses ta.pivothigh/pivotlow with configurable sensitivity for non-repainting structure identification Transition Count Matrix: Flattened array storing occurrence counts for all possible pattern sequence transitions Context Encoder: Converts N-gram pattern sequences into unique integer IDs for matrix lookup Probability Calculator: Transforms raw transition counts into percentage probabilities for each possible next pattern 🔥 Key Features Multi-Pattern SMC Detection: Simultaneously identifies FVGs, Order Blocks, Liquidity Sweeps, BOS, and CHoCH formations Adjustable N-Gram Length: Choose between 2-4 pattern sequences to balance specificity against sample size Flexible Lookback Range: Analyze anywhere from 100 to 5,000 historical bars for matrix construction Pattern Toggle Controls: Enable or disable individual SMC pattern types to customize analysis focus Probability Threshold Filtering: Set minimum occurrence requirements to ensure prediction reliability Alert Integration: Built-in alert conditions trigger when high-probability predictions emerge 🎨 Visualization Probability Table: Displays current pattern, recent sequence, sample count, and top N predicted patterns with percentage probabilities Graphical Probability Bars: Visual bar representation (█░) showing relative probability strength at a glance Chart Pattern Markers: Color-coded labels placed directly on price bars identifying detected SMC formations Pattern Short Codes: Compact notation (F+, F-, O+, O-, L↑, L↓, B+, B-, C+, C-) for quick pattern identification Customizable Table Position: Place probability display in any corner of your chart 📖 Usage Guidelines N-Gram Configuration N-Gram Length: Default 2, Range 2-4. Lower values provide more samples but less specificity. Higher values capture complex sequences but require more historical data. Matrix Lookback Bars: Default 500, Range 100-5000. More bars increase statistical significance but may include outdated market behavior. Min Occurrences for Prediction: Default 2, Range 1-10. Higher values filter noise but may reduce prediction availability. SMC Detection Settings Swing Detection Length: Default 5, Range 2-20. Controls pivot sensitivity for structure analysis. FVG Minimum Size: Default 0.1%, Range 0.01-2.0%. Filters insignificant gaps. Order Block Lookback: Default 10, Range 3-30. Bars to search for OB formations. Liquidity Sweep Threshold: Default 0.3%, Range 0.05-1.0%. Minimum wick extension beyond swing points. Display Settings Show Probability Table: Toggle the probability matrix display on/off. Show Top N Probabilities: Default 5, Range 3-10. Number of predicted patterns to display. Show SMC Markers: Toggle on-chart pattern labels. ✅ Best Use Cases Anticipating continuation or reversal patterns after liquidity sweeps Identifying high-probability BOS/CHoCH sequences for trend trading Filtering FVG and Order Block signals based on historical follow-through rates Building confluence by comparing predicted patterns with other technical analysis Studying how SMC patterns typically sequence on specific instruments or timeframes ⚠️ Limitations Predictions are based solely on historical pattern frequency and do not account for fundamental factors Low sample counts produce unreliable probabilities—always check the Samples display Market regime changes can invalidate historical transition patterns The indicator requires sufficient historical data to build meaningful probability matrices Pattern detection uses standardized parameters that may not capture all institutional activity 💡 What Makes This Unique Linguistic Modeling Applied to Markets: Treats SMC patterns like words in a language, analyzing how they “flow” together Quantified Pattern Relationships: Transforms subjective SMC analysis into objective probability percentages Adaptive Learning: Matrix rebuilds periodically to incorporate recent pattern behavior Comprehensive SMC Coverage: Tracks all major Smart Money Concepts in a unified probability framework 🔬 How It Works 1. Pattern Detection Phase Each bar is analyzed for SMC formations using configurable detection parameters A priority hierarchy assigns the most significant pattern when multiple detections occur 2. Sequence Encoding Phase Detected patterns are stored in a rolling history buffer of recent classifications The current N-gram context is encoded into a unique integer identifier 3. Matrix Construction Phase Historical pattern sequences are iterated to count transition occurrences Each context-to-next-pattern transition increments the appropriate matrix cell 4. Probability Calculation Phase Current context ID retrieves corresponding transition counts from the matrix Raw counts are converted to percentages based on total context occurrences 5. Visualization Phase Probabilities are sorted and the top N predictions are displayed in the table Chart markers identify the current detected pattern for visual reference 💡 Note: This indicator performs best when used as a confluence tool alongside traditional SMC analysis. The probability predictions highlight statistically common pattern sequences but should not be used as standalone trading signals. Always verify predictions against price action context, higher timeframe structure, and your overall trading plan. Monitor the sample count to ensure predictions are based on adequate historical data.

Market Structure ICT Screener [TradingFinder] BoS ChoCh 🔵 Introduction Market Structure is the foundation of every Smart Money and ICT based trading model. It describes how price moves through a sequence of highs and lows, forming clear phases of expansion, retracement and reversal. Understanding this structure allows traders to read institutional order flow and align their positions with the true direction of liquidity. Two of the most critical components in Market Structure are the Break of Structure (BOS) and Change of Character (CHOCH). A BOS represents trend continuation, confirming strength within the current direction. In contrast, CHOCH also known as a Market Structure Shift (MSS) signals the first sign of a trend reversal or liquidity shift where order flow begins to change from bullish to bearish or vice versa. Because the market is fractal, structure can exist at multiple levels known as Major (External) and Minor (Internal). Major structure defines the overall trend on higher timeframes while minor or internal structure reveals short term swings and early reversals within that larger move. 🔵 How to Use Understanding Market Structure starts with identifying how price interacts with previous swing highs and swing lows. Every trend in the market, whether bullish or bearish, is built from a sequence of impulsive and corrective moves. Impulsive legs show strong displacement in the direction of liquidity flow, while corrective legs represent temporary pullbacks as the market rebalances before the next expansion. Recognizing these sequences is essential for reading the story of price and anticipating what may happen next. A Break of Structure (BOS) occurs when price decisively moves beyond a previous structural point by breaking above the last high in an uptrend or falling below the last low in a downtrend. This event confirms that the current trend remains intact and that liquidity has been successfully taken from one side of the market. A BOS acts as confirmation of continuation and reflects strength within the existing directional bias. A Change of Character (CHOCH) appears when price violates structure in the opposite direction of the prevailing trend. This is the first signal that market sentiment and order flow may be shifting. For example, during a downtrend if price breaks above a previous high, it indicates that sellers are losing control and a potential bullish reversal may be developing. In an uptrend, when price drops below a recent low, it suggests a possible bearish transition. Because the market is fractal, structure exists across multiple layers. Major structure reflects the dominant movement visible on higher timeframes and defines the broader directional bias. Minor or internal structure represents smaller swings within that move and helps identify early transitions before they appear on the higher timeframe. When internal and external structures align, they offer a high probability signal for trend continuation or reversal. By observing BOS and CHOCH across both internal and external structures, traders can clearly visualize when the market is expanding, contracting or preparing to shift direction. This structured understanding of price movement forms the foundation for precise trend analysis and high quality decision making in any Smart Money or ICT based trading approach. 🔵 Settings 🟣 Display Settings Table on Chart : Allows users to choose the position of the signal dashboard either directly on the chart or below it, depending on their layout preference. Number of Symbols : Enables users to control how many symbols are displayed in the screener table, from 10 to 20, adjustable in increments of 2 symbols for flexible screening depth. Table Mode : This setting offers two layout styles for the signal table : Basic : Mode displays symbols in a single column, using more vertical space. Extended : Mode arranges symbols in pairs side-by-side, optimizing screen space with a more compact view. Table Size : Lets you adjust the table’s visual size with options such as: auto, tiny, small, normal, large, huge. Table Position : Sets the screen location of the table. Choose from 9 possible positions, combining vertical (top, middle, bottom) and horizontal (left, center, right) alignments. 🟣 Symbol Settings Each of the 20 symbol slots comes with a full set of customizable parameters : Symbol : Define or select the asset (e.g., XAUUSD, BTCUSD, EURUSD, etc.). Timeframe : Set your desired timeframe for each symbol (e.g., 15, 60, 240, 1D). Pivot Period : Set the length used to detect swing highs and lows. Shorter values increase sensitivity, longer ones focus on major structures. 🔵 Conclusion Mastering Market Structure and understanding the relationship between BOS and CHOCH allows traders to see the market with greater clarity and confidence. These two elements reveal how liquidity moves through different phases of expansion and retracement and how institutional order flow shifts between accumulation and distribution. By analyzing both internal and external structures, traders can align short term and long term perspectives and anticipate where price is most likely to react. The ability to read these structural shifts helps identify continuation points, reversals and areas where liquidity is engineered or collected. Incorporating Market Structure into a consistent trading process transforms the way a trader views the chart. Instead of reacting to random movements, each swing, break and shift becomes part of a logical framework that reflects the true behavior of the market. Understanding BOS and CHOCH is not just a concept but a complete language of price that guides every professional decision in Smart Money and ICT based trading.

Advanced Market Structure [OmegaTools]📌 Market Structure Advanced Market Structure is a next–generation indicator designed to decode price structure in real time by combining classical swing–based analysis with modern quantitative confirmation techniques. Built for traders who demand both precision and adaptability, it provides a robust multi–layered framework to identify structural shifts, trend continuations, and potential reversals across any asset class or timeframe. Unlike traditional structure indicators that rely solely on visual swing identification, Market Structure introduces an integrated methodology: pivot detection, Donchian trend modeling, statistical confirmation via Z–Score, and volume–based validation. Each element contributes to a comprehensive, systematic representation of the underlying market dynamics. 🔑 Core Features 1. Five Distinct Market Structure Modes Standard Mode: Captures structural breaks through classical swing high/low pivots. Ideal for discretionary traders looking for clarity in directional bias. Confirmed Breakout Mode: Requires validation beyond the initial pivot break, filtering out noise and reducing false positives. Donchian Trend HL (High/Low): Establishes structure based on absolute highs and lows over rolling lookback windows. This approach highlights broader momentum shifts and trend–defining extremes. Donchian Trend CC (Close/Close): Similar to HL mode, but calculated using closing prices, enabling more precise bias identification where close–to–close structure carries stronger statistical weight. Average Mode: A composite methodology that synthesizes the four models into a weighted signal, producing a balanced structural bias designed to minimize model–specific weaknesses. 2. Dynamic Pivot Recognition with Auto–Updating Levels Swing highs and lows are automatically detected and plotted with adaptive horizontal levels. These dynamic support/resistance markers continuously extend into the future, ensuring that historically significant levels remain visible and actionable. 3. Color–Adaptive Candlesticks Price bars are dynamically recolored to reflect the prevailing structural regime: bullish (default blue), bearish (default red), or neutral (gray). This enables instant visual recognition of regime changes without requiring external confirmation. 4. Statistical Reversal Triggers The script integrates a 21–period Z–Score calculation applied to closing prices, combined with multi–layered volume confirmation (SMA and EMA convergence). Bullish trigger: Z–Score < –2 with structural confirmation and volume support. Bearish trigger: Z–Score > +2 with structural confirmation and volume support. Signals are plotted as diamond markers above or below the bars, identifying potential high–probability reversal setups in real time. 5. Integrated Alpha Backtesting Engine Each market structure mode is evaluated through a built–in backtesting routine, tracking hit ratios and consistency across the most recent ~2000 structural events. Performance metrics (“Alpha”) are displayed directly on–chart via a dedicated Performance Dashboard Table, allowing side–by–side comparison of Standard, Confirmed Breakout, Donchian HL, Donchian CC, and Average models. Traders can instantly evaluate which structural methodology best adapts to the current market conditions. 🎯 Practical Advantages Systematic Clarity: Eliminates subjectivity in defining structural bias, offering a rules–based framework. Statistical Transparency: Built–in performance metrics validate each mode in real time, allowing informed decision–making. Noise Reduction: Confirmed Breakouts and Donchian modes filter out common traps in structural trading. Multi–Asset Adaptability: Optimized for scalping, intraday, swing, and multi–day strategies across FX, equities, futures, commodities, and crypto. Complementary Usage: Works as a stand–alone structure identifier or as a quantitative filter in larger algorithmic/trading frameworks. ⚙️ Ideal Users Discretionary traders seeking an objective reference for structural bias. Quantitative/systematic traders requiring on–chart statistical validation of structural regimes. Technical analysts leveraging pivots, Donchian channels, and price action as part of broader frameworks. Portfolio traders integrating structure into multi–factor models. 💡 Why This Tool? Market Structure is not a static indicator — it is an adaptive framework. By merging classical pivot theory with Donchian–style momentum analysis, and reinforcing both with statistical backtesting and volume confirmation, it provides traders with a unique ability: To see the structure, To measure its reliability, And to act with confidence on quantifiably validated signals.

Market Structures + ZigZag [TradingFinder] CHoCH/BOS - MSS/MSB 🟣 Introduction 🔵 Market Structure Grasping market structure entails examining market behavior. Essentially, market structure refers to the formation and progression of the market within its trends. Market structures are generally fractal and nested, leading us to classify them into internal (minor) and external (major) structures. There are several definitions of market structure, with differing perspectives such as Smart Money and ICT offering their own interpretations. 🔵 Zig Zag The Zigzag indicator is a lagging tool that identifies points on a price chart where significant changes occur compared to the previous wave. By connecting these points, it helps traders detect trends. This indicator minimizes random price fluctuations, aiming to clarify the primary price trend. Pivots are points on a price chart where the direction changes. Also known as reversal points, pivots form when supply and demand forces overpower one another. There are various types of technical analysis pivots, which can be divided into two categories: minor pivots and major pivots, each with distinct significance in analysis. Major Pivot : These pivots signify substantial changes in the chart's direction and occur at the end of trends. Analysts focusing on primary analysis prioritize major pivot points. In fact, most technical analysis tools are evaluated and based on major pivots. Minor Pivot : These pivots highlight smaller, subsidiary points and directions, appearing at the end of corrections. Analysts who focus on minor pivots represent small trends. It's important to note that minor pivots are not suitable for use in primary technical tools. Identifying Minor and Major Pivots : Minor pivots are formed between two major pivots and do not break the opposing major pivot. (Internal Pivot) Major pivots are those that either successfully break the opposing pivot or move beyond the previous pivot of the same type. (External Pivot) 🟣 How to Use 🔵 Identifying Break of Structure (BOS) In a given trend, such as a downtrend, a Break of Structure occurs when the price drops below the previous low and forms a new low (LL). In an uptrend, a BOS (MSB) happens when the price rises and exceeds the last high. To confirm a trend, at least one BOS is required. The break above or below the previous high or low must be validated by the closing of at least one candle beyond that level. 🔵 Identifying Change of Character (CHOCH) Change of Character (CHOCH) is an essential concept in market structure analysis, indicating a trend change. In other words, a trend concludes with a CHOCH (MSS). For example, in a downtrend, the price declines with BOS. While BOS highlights the trend's strength, a CHOCH occurs when the price rises and surpasses the last high, signaling a transition from a downtrend to an uptrend. This does not imply immediately entering a buy trade; instead, it is prudent to wait for a BOS in the upward direction to confirm the uptrend. Unlike BOS, confirming a CHOCH does not require a candle to close; simply breaking above or below the previous high or low with the candle's wick is sufficient. The following examples illustrate bearish and bullish CHOCH. Terms : Market Structure Shift = MSS Market Structure Break = MSB 🔵 Zig Zag Based on identifying pivots and drawing zigzag lines, you can have different uses of this indicator. Including : Identifying pivot types along with major and minor recognition. Identifying internal and external breakouts. Identifying support and resistance levels. Identifying Elliott Waves. Identifying classic patterns. Identifying pivots with higher validity. Identifying trends and range areas. 🟣 Settings Pivot Period Market Structure and ZigZag Line: Using this input, you can determine the pivot period for identifying swings. Through the settings, you can customize the display, visibility, and color of each line as desired.

Market Structures SMC [TradingFinder] BOS/CHoCH Major & Minor 🟣Introduction Understanding market structure involves analyzing market behavior. In other words, market structure encompasses how the market forms and evolves within trends. Market structures are typically fractal and nested, so we categorize them into internal (minor) and external (major) structures. There are various definitions of market structure, with different approaches such as Smart Money and ICT providing their own interpretations. 🟣How to Use The first step in identifying market structure is to analyze key highs and lows. An uptrend is formed when highs and lows are successively higher than previous ones. Similarly, in a downtrend, lows and highs are successively lower than previous ones. Market trends consist of two types of movements : •Impulsive movements •Corrective movements Impulsive movements align with the main trend and possess high strength and momentum. Conversely, corrective movements go against the main trend and have lower strength and momentum. The following example illustrates these concepts. 🔵 Identifying Break of Structure (BOS) In a specific trend, for example in a downtrend, when the price breaks below the previous low and forms a new low (LL), a Break of Structure occurs. In an uptrend, a BOS (Market Structure Break or MSB) happens when the price rises and surpasses the last high. We need at least one BOS to confirm a trend. Breaking above or below the previous high or low must be confirmed by closing at least one candle after that level. 🔵 Identifying Change of Character (CHOCH) Change of Character (CHOCH) is a key concept in market structure analysis. A change in structure signals a trend change. In other words, a trend ends with a CHOCH (Market Structure Shift or MSS). For instance, in a downtrend, the price declines with BOS. BOS indicates the strength of the trend, but when the price increases and surpasses the last high, a CHOCH occurs, signaling a shift from a downtrend to an uptrend. This does not mean entering a buy trade; instead, we should wait for a BOS in the upward direction to confirm the uptrend. Unlike BOS, confirming a CHOCH does not require a candle to close; simply breaking above or below the previous high or low with the candle's wick is sufficient. The following examples show bearish and bullish CHOCH. 🔵 Range Market Structure Besides uptrends and downtrends, a third structure often found in the market is the range or sideways structure. In this state, the power of buyers and sellers is almost equal, and the market lacks a clear trend. Many traders believe that the Forex market ranges 80% of the time. Therefore, it requires a lot of patience to wait for a new trend to start. 🟣 Settings Through the settings, you can customize the display, visibility, and color of each line as desired.

Market Structure (Intrabar) [LuxAlgo]The Market Structure (Intrabar) indicator is designed to automatically detect and highlight real-time intrabar market structures, a core component of the Smart Money Concepts methodology. 🔶 USAGE The proposed indicator gives a detailed picture of the most recent candle lower timeframe trends, highlighting market structures within them. This can be particularly useful to assess the price dynamic within the most recent candle. For example, we can see how pronounced a trend is by the number of opposite bullish/bearish market structures formed within the candle. Users can select the intrabar timeframe of interest from the "Intrabar Timeframe" setting, using a timeframe significantly lower than the chart timeframe will return more intrabar candles and potentially more market structures. 🔹 Dashboard Users have access to a dashboard returning useful statistics such as the number of formed CHoCH's and BOS's from the intrabar prices. These can be indicative of how predominant a trend is within the intrabar data or if there exist multiple trends. 🔶 DETAILS Market structures allow determining trend continuations as well as trend reversals in the market through two distinct structures: 🔹 Change of Character (CHoCH) A change of character (CHoCH) refers to a shift in the market behavior of a security that is driven by changes in the underlying supply and demand dynamics. CHoCH's are indicative of confirmed reversals. 🔹 Break of Structure (BoS) The break of structure (BoS) refers to the point at which a key level of support or resistance is broken. BOS's are indicative of confirmed trend continuations. 🔶 SETTINGS 🔹Inside the Bar Market Structure Intrabar Timeframe: Lower timeframe setting option, if set to 'Auto' the script will determine the lower timeframe based on the chart timeframe. Intrabar Market Structure, Length: Toggles the visibility of the break of structures and change of characters. Length defines the detection length of the swing levels. Intrabar Swing Levels: Toggles the visibility of the swing levels, including a color customization option for highs and lows. Intrabar Statistics: Toggles the visibility of the dashboard. Some further statistical details are presented in the tooltips of the table cells 🔹 General Market Structure Colors: Color customization option for the break of structure and change of character lines and labels. Intrabar Candle Colors: Color customization option for intrabar candles. Intrabar Candles Horizontal Offset: Adjusting the intrabar candles horizontal position Dashboard: Dashboard position and size customization option 🔶 LIMITATIONS Please note that seconds-based intervals are available for premium and professional plan holders, which implies that the seconds-based intervals usage of the indicator may not be available for all users depending on their subscription plan. 🔶 RELATED SCRIPTS Smart-Money-Concepts ICT-Concepts

Gann Swing Chart [One-Bar]"Gann used three types of swings chart. One-Bar Swing Chart (1-Bar Swing Chart): The One-Bar Swing Chart, or Minor Trend Chart, follows the one-bar movements of the market. From a low price, each time the market makes a higher-high than the previous bar, a One-Bar trend line moves up from the recent low to the new high. This action makes the previous low price a One-Bar bottom. From a high price each time the market makes a lower-low than the previous bar, a One-Bar swing line moves down from the recent high to the new low. This action makes the previous high price a One-Bar top. The combination of One-Bar tops and bottoms forms the One-Bar trend indicator chart. The crossing of a One-Bar swing top changes the One-Bar trend to up. The penetration of a One-Bar swing bottom changes the One-Bar trend to down." This Indicator only show Gann Swing Chart use One-Bar type.