IV Rank Oscillator by dinvestorqShort Title: IVR OscSlg
Description:
The IV Rank Oscillator is a custom indicator designed to measure and visualize the Implied Volatility (IV) Rank using Historical Volatility (HV) as a proxy. This indicator helps traders determine whether the current volatility level is relatively high or low compared to its historical levels over a specified period.
Key Features :
Historical Volatility (HV) Calculation: Computes the historical volatility based on the standard deviation of logarithmic returns over a user-defined period.
IV Rank Calculation: Normalizes the current HV within the range of the highest and lowest HV values over the past 252 periods (approximately one year) to generate the IV Rank.
IV Rank Visualization: Plots the IV Rank, along with reference lines at 50 (midline), 80 (overbought), and 20 (oversold), making it easy to interpret the relative volatility levels.
Historical Volatility Plot: Optionally plots the Historical Volatility for additional reference.
Usage:
IV Rank : Use the IV Rank to assess the relative level of volatility. High IV Rank values (close to 100) indicate that the current volatility is high relative to its historical range, while low IV Rank values (close to 0) indicate low relative volatility.
Reference Lines: The overbought (80) and oversold (20) lines help identify extreme volatility conditions, aiding in trading decisions.
Example Use Case:
A trader can use the IV Rank Oscillator to identify potential entry and exit points based on the volatility conditions. For instance, a high IV Rank may suggest a period of high market uncertainty, which could be a signal for options traders to consider strategies like selling premium. Conversely, a low IV Rank might indicate a more stable market condition.
Parameters:
HV Calculation Length: Adjustable period length for the historical volatility calculation (default: 20 periods).
This indicator is a powerful tool for options traders, volatility analysts, and any market participant looking to gauge market conditions based on historical volatility patterns.
在脚本中搜索"股价在8元左右净利润为正市值小于80亿的热门股票有哪些"
Korneev Reverse RSIRethinking the Legendary Relative Strength Index by John Welles Wilder
The essence of the new approach lies in the reverse use of the so-called "overbought" and "oversold" zones. In his 1978 book, "New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems," where the RSI mechanism was thoroughly described, Wilder writes that one way to use the oscillator is to open a long position when the RSI drops into oversold territory (below 30) and to open a short position when the RSI rises to overbought levels (above 70). However, backtesting this strategy with such inputs yields rather mediocre results.
Based on the calculation formula, the RSI calculates the rate of price change over a certain period. Therefore, overbought and oversold zones will have relative significance (relative to the set calculation period). It is no coincidence that the word "relative" was added to the name of the oscillator. It is worth accepting as an axiom the assertion that the price of an asset is fair at every moment in time.
Essentially, the RSI calculates the strength of a trend. If the oscillator value is above 70, it is highly likely that an upward movement is occurring in the market. Therefore, in the current strategy, a long position is opened precisely at the moment of greatest buyer strength (when RSI > 80), i.e., in the direction of the trend, since counter-trend trading with the RSI has proven to be ineffective. The position is closed after the buyers lose their advantage and the RSI drops to 40.
The strategy is recommended to be used only with long positions, as short positions show negative results. The strategy uses a moving average for the RSI with a period of 14 to smooth the oscillator data.
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Переосмысление легендарного осциллятора Relative strength index Джона Уэллса Уайлдера
Суть нового подхода заключается в реверсивном использовании так называемых зон "перекупленности" и "перепроданности". В своей книге от 1978 года "New concepts in tecnical trading systems", в которой был подробно описан механизм работы RSI, Уайлдер пишет, что один из способов использования осциллятора - открытие длинной позиции при снижении RSI в перепроданность (ниже 30) и открытие короткой позиции при повышении RSI до перекупленности (выше 70). Однако бэктест стратегии с такими вводными дает весьма посредственные результаты.
Исходя из формулы расчета, RSI рассчитывает скорость изменения цены за определенный период. Поэтому зоны перекупленности и перепроданности будут иметь относительное значение (относительно установленного периода расчета). Не зря ведь в названии осциллятора было добавлено слово "относительной". Стоит принять за аксиому утверждение, что цена актива справедлива в каждый момент времени.
По сути, RSI рассчитывает силу тренда. Если значение осциллятора выше 70, то на рынке с высокой долей вероятности происходит восходящее движение. Поэтому в текущей стратегии открытие лонга происходит именно в момент наибольшей силы покупателей (когда RSI > 80), то есть в сторону тренда, поскольку контртрендовая торговля по RSI показала свою несостоятельность. Закрытие позиции происходит после того, как покупатели теряют преимущество и RSI снижается до 40.
Стратегию рекомендуется использовать только с длинными позициями, поскольку короткие позиции показывают отрицательный результат. В стратегии используется скользящая средняя для RSI с периодом 14 для сглаживания данных осциллятора.
Wall Street Cheat Sheet IndicatorThe Wall Street Cheat Sheet Indicator is a unique tool designed to help traders identify the psychological stages of the market cycle based on the well-known Wall Street Cheat Sheet. This indicator integrates moving averages and RSI to dynamically label market stages, providing clear visual cues on the chart.
Key Features:
Dynamic Stage Identification: The indicator automatically detects and labels market stages such as Disbelief, Hope, Optimism, Belief, Thrill, Euphoria, Complacency, Anxiety, Denial, Panic, Capitulation, Anger, and Depression. These stages are derived from the emotional phases of market participants, helping traders anticipate market movements.
Technical Indicators: The script uses two key technical indicators:
200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA): Helps identify long-term market trends.
50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA): Aids in recognizing medium-term trends.
Relative Strength Index (RSI): Assesses the momentum and potential reversal points based on overbought and oversold conditions.
Clear Visual Labels: The current market stage is displayed directly on the chart, making it easy to spot trends and potential turning points.
Usefulness:
This indicator is not just a simple mashup of existing tools. It uniquely combines the concept of market psychology with practical technical analysis tools (moving averages and RSI). By labeling the psychological stages of the market cycle, it provides traders with a deeper understanding of market sentiment and potential future movements.
How It Works:
Disbelief: Detected when the price is below the 200-day SMA and RSI is in the oversold territory, indicating a potential bottom.
Hope: Triggered when the price crosses above the 50-day SMA, with RSI starting to rise but still below 50, suggesting an early uptrend.
Optimism: Occurs when the price is above the 50-day SMA and RSI is between 50 and 70, indicating a strengthening trend.
Belief: When the price is well above the 50-day SMA and RSI is between 70 and 80, showing strong bullish momentum.
Thrill and Euphoria: Identified when RSI exceeds 80, indicating overbought conditions and potential for a peak.
Complacency to Depression: These stages are identified based on price corrections and drops relative to moving averages and declining RSI values.
Best Practices:
High-Time Frame Focus: This indicator works best on high-time frame charts, specifically the 1-week Bitcoin (BTCUSDT) chart. The longer time frame provides a clearer picture of the overall market cycle and reduces noise.
Trend Confirmation: Use in conjunction with other technical analysis tools such as trendlines, Fibonacci retracement levels, and support/resistance zones for more robust trading strategies.
How to Use:
Add the Indicator: Apply the Wall Street Cheat Sheet Indicator to your TradingView chart.
Analyze Market Stages: Observe the dynamic labels indicating the current stage of the market cycle.
Make Informed Decisions: Use the insights from the indicator to time your entries and exits, aligning your trades with the market sentiment.
This indicator is a valuable tool for traders looking to understand market psychology and make informed trading decisions based on the stages of the market cycle.
Order Block Refiner [TradingFinder]🔵 Introduction
The "Refinement" feature allows you to adjust the width of the order block according to your strategy. There are two modes, "Aggressive" and "Defensive," in the "Order Block Refine". The difference between "Aggressive" and "Defensive" lies in the width of the order block.
For risk-averse traders, the "Defensive" mode is suitable as it provides a lower loss limit and a greater reward-to-risk ratio. For risk-taking traders, the "Aggressive" mode is more appropriate. These traders prefer to enter trades at higher prices, and this mode, which has a wider order block width, is more suitable for this group of individuals.
Important :
One of the advantages of using this library is increased code accuracy. Not only does it have the capability to create order blocks, but you can also simply define the condition for order block creation (true/false) and "bar_index," and you'll find the primary range without applying any filters.
🟣 Order Block Refinement Algorithm
The order block ranges are filtered in two stages. In the first stage, the "Open," "High," "Low," and "Close" of the current order block candle, its two or three previous candles, and one subsequent candle (if available) are examined. In this stage, minimum and maximum distances are calculated, and logical range filters are applied.
In the second stage, two modes, "Aggressive" and "Defensive," are calculated.
For the "Defensive" mode, the width of these ranges is compared with the "ATR" (Average True Range) of period 55, and if they are smaller than "ATR" or 1 to more than 4 times "ATR," the width of the range is reduced from 0 to 80 percent.
For the "Aggressive" mode, you get the same output as the first filter, which usually has a wider width than the "Defensive" mode.
• Order Block Refiner : Off
• Order Block Refiner : On / "Aggressive Mode"
• Order Block Refiner : On / "Defensive Mode"
🔵 How to Use
OBRefiner(string OBType, string OBRefine, string RefineMethod, bool TriggerCondition, int Index) =>
Parameters:
• OBType (string)
• OBRefine (string)
• RefineMethod (string)
• TriggerCondition (bool)
• Index (int)
To add "Order Block Refiner Library", you must first add the following code to your script.
import TFlab/OrderBlockRefiner_TradingFinder/1
OBType : This parameter receives 2 inputs. If the order block you want to "Refine" is of type demand, you should enter "Demand," and if it's of type supply, you should enter "Supply."
OBRefine : Set to "On" if you want the "Refine" operation to be performed. Otherwise, set to "Off."
RefineMethod : This input receives 2 modes, "Aggressive" and "Defensive." You can switch between these modes according to your needs.
TriggerCondition : Enter the condition with which the order block is formed in this parameter.
Index : Enter the "bar_index" of the candle where the order block is formed in this parameter.
🟣 Function Outputs
This function has 6 outputs: "bar_index" at the beginning of the "Distal" line, "bar_index+1" at the end of the "Distal" line, "Price" at the "Distal" line, "bar_index" at the beginning of the "Proximal" line, "bar_index+1" at the end of the "Proximal" line, and "Price" at the "Proximal" line, which can be used to draw order blocks.
Sample :
= Refiner.OBRefiner('Demand', 'Off', 'Aggressive',BuMChMain_Trigger, BuMChMain_Index)
if BuMChMain_Trigger
BuMChHlineMain := line.new(BuMChMain_Xp1 , BuMChMain_Yp12 , bar_index , BuMChMain_Yp12, color = color.black , style = line.style_dotted)
BuMChLlineMain := line.new(BuMChMain_Xd1 , BuMChMain_Yd12 , bar_index , BuMChMain_Yd12, color = color.black , style = line.style_dotted)
BuMChFilineMain := linefill.new(BuMChHlineMain ,BuMChLlineMain , color = color.rgb(76, 175, 80 , 75 ) )
Slow Volume Strength Index (SVSI)The Slow Volume Strength Index (SVSI), introduced by Vitali Apirine in Stocks & Commodities (Volume 33, Chapter 6, Page 28-31), is a momentum oscillator inspired by the Relative Strength Index (RSI). It gauges buying and selling pressure by analyzing the disparity between average volume on up days and down days, relative to the underlying price trend. Positive volume signifies closes above the exponential moving average (EMA), while negative volume indicates closes below. Flat closes register zero volume. The SVSI then applies a smoothing technique to this data and transforms it into an oscillator with values ranging from 0 to 100.
Traders can leverage the SVSI in several ways:
1. Overbought/Oversold Levels: Standard thresholds of 80 and 20 define overbought and oversold zones, respectively.
2. Centerline Crossovers and Divergences: Signals can be generated by the indicator line crossing a midline or by divergences from price movements.
3. Confirmation for Slow RSI: The SVSI can be used to confirm signals generated by the Slow Relative Strength Index (SRSI), another oscillator developed by Apirine.
🔹 Algorithm
In the original article, the SVSI is calculated using the following formula:
SVSI = 100 - (100 / (1 + SVS))
where:
SVS = Average Positive Volume / Average Negative Volume
* Volume is considered positive when the closing price is higher than the six-day EMA.
* Volume is considered negative when the closing price is lower than the six-day EMA.
* Negative volume values are expressed as absolute values (positive).
* If the closing price equals the six-day EMA, volume is considered zero (no change).
* When calculating the average volume, the indicator utilizes Wilder's smoothing technique, as described in his book "New Concepts In Technical Trading Systems."
Note that this indicator, the formula has been simplified to be
SVSI = 100 * Average Positive Volume / (Average Positive Volume + Average Negative Volume)
This formula achieves the same result as the original article's proposal, but in a more concise way and without the need for special handling of division by zero
🔹 Parameters
The SVSI calculation offers configurable parameters that can be adjusted to suit individual trading styles and goals. While the default lookback periods are 6 for the EMA and 14 for volume smoothing, alternative values can be explored. Additionally, the standard overbought and oversold thresholds of 80 and 20 can be adapted to better align with the specific security being analyzed.
RSI, STOCHASTIC RSI AND MFI COMBOCombining the Relative Strength Index (RSI), Stochastic RSI (StochRSI), and Money Flow Index (MFI) can provide traders with a comprehensive approach to analyze market momentum, overbought/oversold conditions, and money flow. Each indicator offers unique insights, and their combination can help confirm trading signals and filter out false signals. Let's delve into each indicator and then discuss how they can be used together:
Relative Strength Index (RSI) 14: DA BLUE LINE
The RSI is a momentum oscillator that measures the speed and change of price movements. It oscillates between 0 and 100 and is typically used to identify overbought (>70) and oversold (<30) conditions. A reading above 70 may indicate that an asset is overbought and could be due for a pullback, while a reading below 30 may suggest that an asset is oversold and could be due for a bounce.
Stochastic RSI (StochRSI) 14: DA RED LINE
The StochRSI is an oscillator that combines the features of both the Stochastic Oscillator and RSI. It measures the relative position of the RSI within its range over a specific period (e.g., 14 periods). Like the RSI, the StochRSI oscillates between 0 and 100 and is used to identify overbought and oversold conditions. Typically:
A StochRSI above 0.8 may suggest overbought conditions.
A StochRSI below 0.2 may indicate oversold conditions.
Money Flow Index (MFI) 14: DA PURPLE LINE
The MFI is a momentum oscillator that measures the inflow and outflow of money into an asset over a specific period (e.g., 14 periods). It oscillates between 0 and 100 and is used to identify overbought and oversold conditions based on both price and volume. Generally:
An MFI above 80 may indicate overbought conditions.
An MFI below 20 may suggest oversold conditions.
Combining RSI, StochRSI, and MFI:
When combining RSI, StochRSI, and MFI, traders can use the following approach to analyze the market:
Identify Overbought/Oversold Conditions:
Look for confluence between RSI, StochRSI, and MFI readings to identify overbought and oversold conditions.
For example, if RSI > 70, StochRSI > 0.8, and MFI > 80, it may suggest a strong overbought condition, potentially indicating a reversal or pullback.
Confirm Trend Strength:
Use the RSI, StochRSI, and MFI to confirm the strength of a trend.
A rising trend with RSI, StochRSI, and MFI above 50 may suggest strong bullish momentum, while a falling trend with readings below 50 may indicate strong bearish momentum.
Divergence Analysis:
Look for divergences between price and RSI, StochRSI, or MFI to identify potential trend reversals.
For example, if the price makes a higher high, but RSI, StochRSI, or MFI makes a lower high (bearish divergence), it may suggest weakening bullish momentum and potential downside.
Combining RSI, StochRSI, and MFI can offer traders a more holistic view of market momentum, overbought/oversold conditions, and money flow. Backtest it let me know your success.
ATR Bands (Keltner Channel), Wick and SRSI Signals [MW]Introduction
This indicator uses a novel combination of ATR Bands, candle wicks crossing the ATR upper and lower bands, and baseline, and combines them with the Stochastic SRSI oscillator to provide early BUY and SELL signals in uptrends, downtrends, and in ranging price conditions.
How it’s unique
People generally understand Bollinger Bands and Keltner Channels. Buy at the bottom band, sell at the top band. However, because the bands themselves are not static, impulsive moves can render them useless. People also generally understand wicks. Candles with large wicks can represent a change in pattern, or volatile price movement. Combining those two to determine if price is reaching a pivot point is relatively novel. When Stochastic RSI (SRSI) filtering is also added, it becomes a genuinely unique combination that can be used to determine trade entries and exits.
What’s the benefit
The benefit of the indicator is that it can help potentially identify pivots WHEN THEY HAPPEN, and with potentially minimal retracement, depending on the trader’s time window. Many indicators wait for a trend to be established, or wait for a breakout to occur, or have to wait for some form of confirmation. In the interpretation used by this indicator, bands, wicks, and SRSI cycles provide both the signal and confirmation.
It takes into account 3 elements:
Price approaching the upper or lower band or the baseline - MEANING: Price is becoming extended based on calculations that use the candle trading range.
A candle wick of a defined proportion (e.g. wick is 1/2 the size of a full candle OR candle body) crosses a band or baseline, but the body does not cross the band or baseline - MEANING: Buyers and sellers are both very active.
The Stochastic RSI reading is above 80 for SELL signals and below 20 for BUY signals - MEANING: Additional confirmation that price is becoming extended based on the current cyclic price pattern.
How to Use
SIGNALS
Buy Signals - Green(ish):
B Signal - Potential pivot up from the lower band when using the preferred multiplier
B1 Signal - Potential pivot up from the lower band when using phi * multiplier
B2 Signal - Potential pivot up from the lower band when using 1/2 * multiplier
B3 Signal - Potential pivot up from baseline
Sell Signals - Red(ish):
S Signal - Potential pivot down from the upper band when using the preferred multiplier
S1 Signal - Potential pivot down from the upper band when using
S2 Signal - Potential pivot down from the upper band when using 1/2 * multiplier
S3 Signal - Potential pivot down from the baseline
DISCUSSION
During an uptrend or downtrend, signals from the baseline can help traders identify areas where they may enter the trending move with the least amount of drawdown. In both cases, entry points can occur with baseline signals in the direction of the trend.
For example, in an uptrend (when the price is forming higher highs and higher lows, or when the baseline is rising), price tends to oscillate between the upper band and baseline. In this case, the baseline BUY signal (B3) can show an entry point.
In a downtrend (when the price is forming lower highs and lower lows, or when the baseline is falling), price tends to oscillate between the baseline and the lower band. In this case, the baseline SELL signal (S3) can show an entry point.
During consolidation, when price is ranging, price tends to oscillate between the upper and lower bands, while crossing through the baseline unperturbed. Here, entry points can occur at the upper and lower bands.
When all conditions are met at the lower band during consolidation, a BUY signal (B), can occur. This signal may also occur prior to a break out of consolidation to the upside.
When all conditions are met at the upper band during consolidation, a SELL signal (S), can occur. This signal may also occur prior to a break out of consolidation to the downside.
Additional B1, B2, and S1, and S2 signals can be displayed that use the bands based on a multiplier that is half that of the primary one, and phi (0.618) times the primary multiplier as a way to quickly check for signals occurring along different, but related, bands.
Calculations
ATR Bands, or Keltner Channels, are a technical analysis tool that are used to measure market volatility and identify overbought or oversold conditions in the trading of financial instruments, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, and currencies. ATR Bands consist of three lines plotted on a price chart:
Middle Band, Basis, or Baseline: This is typically a simple moving average (SMA) of the closing prices over a certain period. It represents the intermediate-term trend of the asset's price.
Upper Band: This is calculated by adding a certain number of ATRs to the middle band (SMA). The upper band adjusts itself with the increase in volatility.
Lower Band: This is calculated by subtracting the same number of ATRs from the middle band (SMA). Like the upper band, the lower band adjusts to changes in volatility.
The candle wick signals occur if the wick is at the specified ratio compared to either the entire candle or the candle body. The upper band, lower band, and baseline signals happen if the wick is the specified ratio of the total candle size. For the major signals for upper and lower bands, these occur when the wick extends outside of the bands while closing a candle inside of the bands. For the baseline signals, they occur if a wick crosses a baseline but closes on the other side.
Settings
CHANNEL SETTINGS
Baseline EMA Period (Default: 21): Period length of the moving average basis line.
ATR Period (Default: 21): The number of periods over which the Average True Range (ATR) is calculated.
Basis MA Type (Default: SMA): The moving average type for the basis line.
Multiplier (Default: 2.5: The deviation multiplier used to calculate the band distance from the basis line.
ADDITIONAL CHANNELS
Half of Multiplier Offset (Default: True): Toggles the display of the ATR bands that are set a distance of half of the ATR multiplier.
Quarter of Multiplier Offset (Default: false): Toggles the display of the ATR bands that are set a distance of one quarter of the ATR multiplier.
Phi (Φ) Offset (Default: false): Toggles the display of the ATR bands that are set a distance of phi (Φ) times the ATR multiplier.
WICK SETTINGS FOR CANDLE FILTERS
Wick Ratio for Bands (Default: 0.4): The ratio of wick size to total candle size for use at upper and lower bands.
Wick Ratio for Baseline (Default: 0.4): The ratio of wick size to total candle size for use at baseline.
Use Candle Body (rather than full candle size) (Default: false): Determines whether wick calculations use the candle body or the entire candle size.
VISUAL PREFERENCES - SIGNALS
Show Signals (Default: true): Allows signal labels to be shown.
Show Signals from 1/2 Band Offset (Default: false): Toggle signals originating from 1/2 offset upper and lower bands.
Show Signals from Phi (Φ) Band Offset (Default: false): Toggle signals originating from phi (Φ) offset upper and lower bands.
Show Baseline Signals (Default: false): Toggle Baseline signals.
VISUAL PREFERENCES - BANDS
Show ATR (Keltner) Bands (Default: true): Use a background color inside the Bollinger Bands.
Fill Bands (Default: true): Use a background color inside the Bollinger Bands.
STOCHASTIC SETTINGS
Use Stochastic RSI Filtering (Default: False): This will only trigger some SELL signals when the stochastic RSI is above 80, and BUY signals when below 20.
K (Default: 3): The smoothing level for the Stochastic RSI.
RSI Length (Default: 14): The period length for the RSI calculation.
Stochastic Length (Default: 8): The period length over which the stochastic calculation is performed.
Other Usage Notes and Limitations
To understand future price movement, this indicator assumes that 3 things must be known:
Evidence of a change of market structure. This can be demonstrated by increased volatility, consolidation, volume spikes (which can be tracked with the MW Volume Impulse Indicator) or, in the case of this indicator, candle wicks.
The potential cause of the change. It could be a VWAP line (which can be tracked with the Multi VWAP , and Multi VWAP from Gaps indicators), an event, an important support or resistance level, a key moving average, or many other things. This indicator assumes the ATR bands can be a cause.
The current position in the price cycle. Oscillators like the RSI, and MACD, are typical measures of price oscillation (other oscillators like the Price and Volume Stochastic Divergence indicator can also be useful). This indicator uses the Stochastic RSI oscillator to determine overbought and oversold conditions.
When evidence of the change appears, and the potential cause of the change is identified, and the price oscillation is at a favorable position for the desired trading direction, this indicator will generate a signal.
ATR Bands (or Keltner Channels) are used to determine when price might “revert to the mean”. Crossing, or being near the upper or lower band, can indicate an overbought or oversold condition, which could lead to a price reversal. By tracking the behavior of candle wicks during these events, we can see how active the battle is between buyers and sellers.
If the top of a wick is large, it may indicate that sellers are aggressively attempting to bring the price down. Conversely, if the bottom wick is large, it can indicate that buyers are actively trying to counter the price action caused by selling pressure.
When this wicking action occurs at times when price is not near the upper band, lower band, or baseline, it could indicate the presence of an important level. That could mean a nearby VWAP line, a supply or demand zone, a round price number, or a number of other factors. In any case, this wick may be the first indication of a price reversal.
Shorter baseline periods may be better for short period trading like scalping or day trading, while longer period baselines can show signals that are better suited to swing trading, or longer term investing.
It's important for traders to be aware of the limitations of any indicator and to use them as part of a broader, well-rounded trading strategy that includes risk management, fundamental analysis, and other tools that can help with reducing false signals, determining trend direction, and providing additional confirmation for a trade decision. Diversifying strategies and not relying solely on one type of indicator or analysis can help mitigate some of these risks.
The TradingView platform allows a maximum of 500 labels per chart. This means that if your settings allow for a lot of signals, labels for earlier ones may not appear if the total number of labels exceeds 500 for the chart.
Bollinger Band Wick and SRSI Signals [MW]Introduction
This indicator uses a novel combination of Bollinger Bands, candle wicks crossing the upper and lower Bollinger Bands and baseline, and combines them with the Stochastic SRSI oscillator to provide early BUY and SELL signals in uptrends, downtrends, and in ranging price conditions.
How it’s unique
People generally understand Bollinger Bands and Keltner Channels. Buy at the bottom band, sell at the top band. However, because the bands themselves are not static, impulsive moves can render them useless. People also generally understand wicks. Candles with large wicks can represent a change in pattern, or volatile price movement. Combining those two to determine if price is reaching a pivot point is relatively novel. When Stochastic RSI (SRSI) filtering is also added, it becomes a genuinely unique combination that can be used to determine trade entries and exits.
What’s the benefit
The benefit of the indicator is that it can help potentially identify pivots WHEN THEY HAPPEN, and with potentially minimal retracement, depending on the trader’s time window. Many indicators wait for a trend to be established, or wait for a breakout to occur, or have to wait for some form of confirmation. In the interpretation used by this indicator, bands, wicks, and SRSI cycles provide both the signal and confirmation.
It takes into account 3 elements:
Price approaching the upper or lower band or the baseline - MEANING: Price is becoming extended based on calculations that use the candle trading range.
A candle wick of a defined proportion (e.g. wick is 1/2 the size of a full candle OR candle body) crosses a band or baseline, but the body does not cross the band or baseline - MEANING: Buyers and sellers are both very active.
The Stochastic RSI reading is above 80 for SELL signals and below 20 for BUY signals - MEANING: Additional confirmation that price is becoming extended based on the current cyclic price pattern.
How to Use
SIGNALS
Buy Signals - Green(ish):
B Signal - Potential pivot up from the lower band when using the preferred multiplier
B1 Signal - Potential pivot up from baseline
Sell Signals - Red(ish):
S Signal - Potential pivot down from the upper band when using the preferred multiplier
S1 Signal - Potential pivot down from the baseline
DISCUSSION
During an uptrend or downtrend, signals from the baseline can help traders identify areas where they may enter the trending move with the least amount of drawdown. In both cases, entry points can occur with baseline signals in the direction of the trend.
For example, in an uptrend (when the price is forming higher highs and higher lows, or when the baseline is rising), price tends to oscillate between the upper band and baseline. In this case, the baseline BUY signal (B3) can show an entry point.
In a downtrend (when the price is forming lower highs and lower lows, or when the baseline is falling), price tends to oscillate between the baseline and the lower band. In this case, the baseline SELL signal (S3) can show an entry point.
During consolidation, when price is ranging, price tends to oscillate between the upper and lower bands, while crossing through the baseline unperturbed. Here, entry points can occur at the upper and lower bands.
When all conditions are met at the lower band during consolidation, a BUY signal (B), can occur. This signal may also occur prior to a break out of consolidation to the upside.
When all conditions are met at the upper band during consolidation, a SELL signal (S), can occur. This signal may also occur prior to a break out of consolidation to the downside.
Additional, B1 and S1 signals can be displayed that use the baseline as the pivot level.
Settings
SIGNALS
Show Bollinger Band Signals (Default: True): Allows signal labels to be shown.
Hide Baseline Signals (Default: False): Baseline signals are on by default. This will turn them off.
Show Wick Signals (Defau
lt: True): Displays signals when wicking occurs.
BOLLINGER BAND SETTINGS
Period length for Bollinger Band Basis (Default: 21): Length of the Bollinger Band (BB) moving average basis line.
Basis MA Type (Default: SMA): The moving average type for the BB Basis line.
Source (Default: “close”): The source of time series data.
Standard Deviation Multiplier (Default: 2.5: The deviation multiplier used to calculate the band distance from the basis line.
WICK SETTINGS FOR BOLLINGER BANDS
Wick Ratio for Bands (Default: 0.3): The ratio of wick size to total candle size for use at upper and lower bands.
Wick Ratio for Baseline (Default: 0.3): The ratio of wick size to total candle size for use at baseline.
WICK SETTINGS FOR CANDLE SIGNALS
Upper Wick Threshold (Default: 50): The percent of upper wick compared to the full candle size or candle body size.
Lower Wick Threshold (Default: 50): The percent of lower wick compared to the full candle size or candle body size.
Use Candle Body (Default: false): Toggles the use of the full candle size versus the candle body size when calculating the wick signal.
VISUAL PREFERENCES
Fill Bands (Default: true): Use a background color inside the Bollinger Bands.
Show Signals (Default: true): Toggle the Bollinger Band upper band, lower band, and baseline signals.
Show Bollinger Bands (Default: true): Show the Bollinger Bands.
STOCHASTIC SETTINGS
Use Stochastic RSI Filtering (Default: False): This will only trigger some SELL signals when the stochastic RSI is above 80, and BUY signals when below 20.
K (Default: 3): The smoothing level for the Stochastic RSI.
RSI Length (Default: 14): The period length for the RSI calculation.
Stochastic Length (Default: 8): The period length over which the stochastic calculation is performed.
Calculations
Bollinger Bands are a technical analysis tool that are used to measure market volatility and identify overbought or oversold conditions in the trading of financial instruments, such as stocks, bonds, commodities, and currencies. Bollinger Bands consist of three lines plotted on a price chart:
Middle Band, Basis, or Baseline: This is typically a simple moving average (SMA) of the closing prices over a certain period. It represents the intermediate-term trend of the asset's price.
Upper Band: This is calculated by adding a certain number of standard deviations to the middle band (SMA). The upper band adjusts itself with the increase in volatility.
Lower Band: This is calculated by subtracting the same number of standard deviations from the middle band (SMA). Like the upper band, the lower band adjusts to changes in volatility.
The candle wick signals occur if the wick is at the specified ratio compared to either the entire candle or the candle body. The upper band, lower band, and baseline signals happen if the wick is the specified ratio of the total candle size. For the major signals for upper and lower bands, these occur when the wick extends outside of the bands while closing a candle inside of the bands. For the baseline signals, they occur if a wick crosses a baseline but closes on the other side.
Other Usage Notes and Limitations
To understand future price movement, this indicator assumes that 3 things must be known:
Evidence of a change of market structure. This can be demonstrated by increased volatility, consolidation, volume spikes (which can be tracked with the MW Volume Impulse Indicator) or, in the case of this indicator, candle wicks.
The potential cause of the change. It could be a VWAP line (which can be tracked with the Multi VWAP , and Multi VWAP from Gaps indicators), an event, an important support or resistance level, a key moving average, or many other things. This indicator assumes the ATR bands can be a cause.
The current position in the price cycle. Oscillators like the RSI, and MACD, are typical measures of price oscillation (other oscillators like the Price and Volume Stochastic Divergence indicator can also be useful). This indicator uses the Stochastic RSI oscillator to determine overbought and oversold conditions.
When evidence of the change appears, and the potential cause of the change is identified, and the price oscillation is at a favorable position for the desired trading direction, this indicator will generate a signal.
ATR Bands (or Keltner Channels) are used to determine when price might “revert to the mean”. Crossing, or being near the upper or lower band, can indicate an overbought or oversold condition, which could lead to a price reversal. By tracking the behavior of candle wicks during these events, we can see how active the battle is between buyers and sellers.
If the top of a wick is large, it may indicate that sellers are aggressively attempting to bring the price down. Conversely, if the bottom wick is large, it can indicate that buyers are actively trying to counter the price action caused by selling pressure.
When this wicking action occurs at times when price is not near the upper band, lower band, or baseline, it could indicate the presence of an important level. That could mean a nearby VWAP line, a supply or demand zone, a round price number, or a number of other factors. In any case, this wick may be the first indication of a price reversal.
Shorter baseline periods may be better for short period trading like scalping or day trading, while longer period baselines can show signals that are better suited to swing trading, or longer term investing.
It's important for traders to be aware of the limitations of any indicator and to use them as part of a broader, well-rounded trading strategy that includes risk management, fundamental analysis, and other tools that can help with reducing false signals, determining trend direction, and providing additional confirmation for a trade decision. Diversifying strategies and not relying solely on one type of indicator or analysis can help mitigate some of these risks.
The TradingView platform allows a maximum of 500 labels per chart. This means that if your settings allow for a lot of signals, labels for earlier ones may not appear if the total number of labels exceeds 500 for the chart.
RVOL++Overview
RVOL++ is a valuable tool for intraday traders to gauge market participation and anticipate the pace of the market. By understanding the RVOL levels, traders can adjust their strategies and expectations to align with the current market conditions. RVOL is a simple mathematical formula that compares the current volume to a prior lookback period, such as the previous 5 days or previous 10 days. This indicator helps traders understand the level of interest or participation in the market, which in turn can indicate the speed or pace of the market.
How to calculate RVOL at Time
Check if the current time is within the specified time period (e.g., 9:30 AM to 5:00 PM EST).
If it is, calculate the current cumulative volume for that period.
Find the average cumulative volume for the same period over the past X days (where X is the lookback period).
Calculate the RVOL at Time as:
RVOL at Time =(Current Cumulative Volume/Average Cumulative Volume)×100
For more info about calculating RVOL at time please refer to the Tradingview article.
www.tradingview.com
Key Features of RVOL++
Two Session and Daily Modes: In Two Session mode, it calculates RVOL for two distinct trading sessions, while in Daily mode, it calculates RVOL for the entire trading day. Two Session mode helps for instruments like futures, forex, crypto that trade 23+ hours. If you are using an instrument such as a stock like AAPL, if you don't have pre-market/extended hours enabled you will want to use "Daily Mode".
Session Time Settings: The indicator allows users to define the trading session times in Eastern Standard Time (EST) for more accurate RVOL calculations.
Customizable Lookback Period: Users can set the number of days for the lookback period, allowing for flexibility in calculating the average volume at time (RVOL).
Color-Coded RVOL Histogram: The indicator displays a color-coded histogram to visualize RVOL levels. Different colors represent different RVOL ranges, making it easy to identify low, neutral, and high RVOL periods.
RVOL Ranges**: The indicator defines RVOL ranges as follows:
40 - 80: Low RVOL (Red/Yellow)
80 - 120: Neutral RVOL (Blue/Cyan)
120+: High RVOL (Green-Lime)
Low RVOL Environment
Expect slow market movement with limited opportunities.
Focus on A+ setups and be selective.
Use tighter stops, size down, and adjust trading goals.
Neutral RVOL Environment
Expect a more normalized trading pace with frequent rotations.
Lean on structure and incorporate other trading tools.
Use normal sizing and stop management.
High RVOL Environment
Expect the best opportunities for range expansion and rotations.
Be more relaxed about overtrading but stay focused on structure.
Start with smaller initial size and build up to a full position.
Multiple OTTMultiple OTT (MOTT) is a development on the Optimized Trend Tracker (OTT) indicator of Anıl Özekşi that is shared in his algorithmic trading courses by himself.
There are 5 lines in MOTT:
-The top (cyan) line is originally an OTT line, which uses the Highest price values in a default length of 80 bars in its calculation.
-The bottom line (purple) is also an OTT line but conversely uses the Lowest prices in the same period.
-The dotted third line in the middle (green) is the exact average of the top and bottom lines.
-The dotted Cyan line: (Top+Middle)/2 and
dotted Purple line: (Bottom+Middle)/2 are also the averages of their two neighbors.
Default values:
Length of the Highest and Lowest Price period (High & Low Period): 80
OTT optimizing percent: 1.4
OTT Length: 2 (Also Moving Average Length when displayed)
Default Moving Average Type of OTT Calculation: VIDYA(VAR) VARIABLE INDEX DYNAMIC MOVING AVERAGE
These values are designed for daily time frame, so they have to be optimized in other timeframes by the user. (Ex: Higher values can be considered in lower time frames)
BUY when the price crosses above the MOTT lines.
STOP when the price crosses back below the same MOTT line.
SELL when the price crosses below the MOTT lines.
STOP when the price crosses back above the same MOTT line.
As you can see, every line can be considered a trade signal like Fibonacci Levels. If optimized meaningfully, lines can also show users significant support and resistance levels. Traders can use those levels in partial buys and sells.
Developer Anıl Özekşi advises that traders may have more accurate signals when using a short-period moving average instead of closing prices. So, I added the VIDYA moving average with the same default length ( 2 ) used in OTT calculation. You can check the "SHOW MOVING AVERAGE?" box on the settings tab of the indicator.
Doda StochasticThe Doda Stochastic Indicator is an oscillator designed to identify primary trends in asset price movements, operating on a scale from 0 to 100. It offers potential buying signals when it fluctuates between 0 and 20, and potential selling signals when it trends between 80 and 100. To reinforce the reliability of these signals, traders often complement them with price action indicators.
The indicator aims to display a modified version of the Stochastic Oscillator, highlighting filtered stochastic values along with related signals.
Traders often use Stochastic indicators to identify potential reversal points or overbought/oversold conditions in the market. The modified version might aim to reduce noise or improve signals compared to the standard Stochastic oscillator. Adjusting the input parameters can alter the sensitivity of the indicator to market movements.
It can also be used to identify trend by considering Doda Stochatic's Moving Average crossing the midline level. If it is above it is uptrend and if below midline then it is downtrend. It does not repaint. It is a lagging indicator because it heavily depends on Moving Averages.
What makes the Doda Stochastic Indicator unique is its attempt to eliminate false or misleading signals commonly found in standard stochastic tools. Instead of relying solely on the 20 and 80 markings for overbought and oversold conditions, it uses the crossing of the green and red lines within these segments to identify signals. However, fully grasping its functionality is pivotal to maximising its utility.
The indicator strategically analyses price movements by scrutinising key price levels, market momentum, and unexpected shifts in trends. By default, it operates with a bar count of 2000 and a PDS value of 13.0, parameters that have undergone extensive testing. It's important to note that tweaking these settings might not always be necessary, as they are well-calibrated.
How to Use the Doda Stochastic Indicator:
Setting up the Indicator:
- Begin incorporating the Doda Stochastic Indicator into your trading strategy once you're confident in identifying significant support and resistance levels.
Strategy with Doda Stochastic:
- Buy Signal Criteria:
- Asset displaying an upward trend.
- Green line crossing above the red line on the indicator.
- Confirm entry with bullish candlestick patterns.
- Set stop loss below the nearest swing low.
- Set take profit at the nearest resistance zone or exit when the green line crosses below the red line.
- Implement risk management with a risk-to-reward ratio of at least 1:2.
- Sell Signal Criteria:
- Asset demonstrating a downtrend.
- Green line crossing below the red line on the indicator.
- Confirm entry with bearish candlestick patterns.
- Set stop loss above the nearest swing high.
- Set take profit at the nearest support zone or exit when the green line crosses above the red line.
- Implement risk management with a risk-to-reward ratio of at least 1:2.
Advantages and Disadvantages:
Pros:
- Analyses crucial price levels, market momentum, and unexpected trend changes.
- Identifies overbought and oversold levels.
Cons:
- Overbought and oversold levels may not always lead to immediate price reversals.
- Signals might occasionally misinterpret a trend reversal as a correction, and vice versa.
The strength of the indicator lies in its intricate approach to price analysis and its effort to minimize false signals. However, traders should exercise caution and consider supplementary confirmation signals for more robust trade decisions.
Relative Strength Trend Indicator (RSTI)This indicator is called the "Relative Strength Trend Indicator" (RSTI), designed to assess the relative strength of a trend.
Here is a detailed explanation of how it works and how traders can interpret it:
Indicator Operation:
1. Data Source (src): The indicator considers a data source, typically the closing price (close), but this can be adjusted according to the trader's preferences.
2. Period Length (Length): This determines the period used to calculate the simple moving average (SMA) of the data source. A longer period smoothes the indicator, while a shorter period makes it more responsive.
3. Multiplier (Multiplier): This is a multiplication factor applied to the Average True Range (ATR), adjusting the width of the bands.
4. Signal Length (Signal Length): This period is used to calculate the simple moving average of the relative strength (l_strength). It determines the sensitivity of the signal to changes in relative strength.
Interpretation of the Indicator:
1. Upper Strength Band (Upper Level): This line is drawn at 80 and represents a high strength level. When relative strength exceeds this value, it may indicate a potential overbought market.
2. Lower Strength Band (Lower Level): This line is drawn at 20 and represents a low strength level. When relative strength is below this value, it may indicate a potential oversold market.
3. RSTI Strength: The main line of the indicator, representing the calculated relative strength. When this line exceeds 50, it may indicate an uptrend, while a value below 50 may indicate a downtrend.
4. Filling Zones: These colored zones between levels 80 and 50, and between 50 and 20, can help quickly visualize relative strength. A colored zone above 50 indicates positive strength, while a colored zone below 50 indicates negative strength.
Qualities of the Indicator:
1. Adaptability: The use of ATR and the flexibility of parameters (length, multiplier, signal_length) allow the indicator to adapt to different market conditions.
2. Visual Clarity: Colored filling zones and horizontal lines make it easy to visualize relative strength levels.
3. Strength Signal: The signal line (RSTI Strength) allows traders to quickly spot changes in relative strength, facilitating decision-making.
4. Responsiveness: The combination of smoothed moving averages and relative strength indicators allows responsiveness to trend changes while reducing false signals.
It is essential to note that while this indicator can provide valuable insights, it is always recommended to use it in conjunction with other technical analysis tools for informed decision-making.
Christmas Toolkit [LuxAlgo]It's that time of the year... and what would be more appropriate than displaying Christmas-themed elements on your chart?
The Christmas Toolkit displays a tree containing elements affected by various technical indicators. If you're lucky, you just might also find a precious reindeer trotting toward the tree, how fancy!
🔶 USAGE
Each of the 7 X-mas balls is associated with a specific condition.
Each ball has a color indicating:
lime: very bullish
green: bullish
blue: holding the same position or sideline
red: bearish
darkRed: very bearish
From top to bottom:
🔹 RSI (length 14)
rsi < 20 - lime (+2 points)
rsi < 30 - green (+1 point)
rsi > 80 - darkRed (-2 points)
rsi > 70 - red (-1 point)
else - blue
🔹 Stoch (length 14)
stoch < 20 - lime (+2 points)
stoch < 30 - green (+1 point)
stoch > 80 - darkRed (-2 points)
stoch > 70 - red (-1 point)
else - blue
🔹 close vs. ema (length 20)
close > ema 20 - green (+1 point)
else - red (-1 point)
🔹 ema (length 20)
ema 20 rises - green (+1 point)
else - red (-1 point)
🔹 ema (length 50)
ema 50 rises - green (+1 point)
else - red (-1 point)
🔹 ema (length 100)
ema 100 rises - green (+1 point)
else - red (-1 point)
🔹 ema (length 200)
ema 200 rises - green (+1 point)
else - red (-1 point)
The above information can also be found on the right side of the tree.
You'll see the conditions associated with the specific X-mas ball and the meaning of color changes. This can also be visualized by hovering over the labels.
All values are added together, this result is used to color the star at the top of the tree, with a specific color indicating:
lime: very bullish (> 6 points)
green: bullish (6 points)
blue: holding the same position or sideline
red: bearish (-6 points)
darkRed: very bearish (< -6 points)
Switches to green/lime or red/dark red can be seen by the fallen stars at the bottom.
The Last Switch indicates the latest green/lime or red/dark red color (not blue)
🔶 ANIMATION
Randomly moving snowflakes are added to give it a wintry character.
There are also randomly moving stars in the tree.
Garland rotations, style, and color can be adjusted, together with the width and offset of the tree, put your tree anywhere on your chart!
Disabling the "static tree" setting will make the needles 'move'.
Have you happened to see the precious reindeer on the right? This proud reindeer moves towards the most recent candle. Who knows what this reindeer might be bringing to the tree?
🔶 SETTINGS
Width: Width of tree.
Offset: Offset of the tree.
Garland rotations: Amount of rotations, a high number gives other styles.
Color/Style: sets the color & style of garland stars.
Needles: sets the needle color.
Static Tree: Allows the tree needles to 'move' with each tick.
Reindeer Speed: Controls how fast the deer moves toward the most recent bar.
🔶 MESSAGE FROM THE LUXALGO TEAM
It has been an honor to contribute to the TradingView community and we are always so happy to see your supportive messages on our scripts.
We have posted a total of 78 script publications this year, which is no small feat & was only possible thanks to our team of Wizard developers @alexgrover + @dgtrd + @fikira , the development team behind Pine Script, and of course to the support of our legendary community.
Happy Holidays to you all, and we'll see ya next year! ☃️
MA + MACD alert TrendsThis is a strategy/combination of warning indicators using 6MA+MACD.
The strategy details are as follows: This is a simple warning strategy created so that we don't have to monitor the candlestick chart too often.
Note: This isn't an entry strategy; it's a signaling strategy for upcoming trends. For maximum efficiency, we should incorporate more formulas into the command. In the case below, I use Fibonacci to enter the command.
This strategy setting works for a 15-minute time frame, but it can still work for different time frames.
It has been working well with Gold and USOIL for the last two years, as well as with currency pairs like EURUSD and many others.
Components:
EMA100 + EMA200 + MA400 + MA800
MACD (timeframe greater than 1 timeframe)
Fibonacci retreat.
Uptrend alert:
Candles on both EMAs (100-200) + 2 SMAs (400-800)
In the previous 80 candles:
EMA100 cross up to EMA200
At the same time, the MACD cross up 0.
The uptrend warning will trigger when EMA6 cuts down to MA10. That's when the price creates the top and we'll wait for the market to go back to the Fibonacci threshold of 0.618 and start buying (or wait for markets to break up the trendline to buy).
Downtrend alert:
Candles are below both EMAs ( 100-200 ) + 2 SMAs ( 400-800 )
In the previous 80 candles:
EMA100 cross down to EMA200
At the same time, the MACD cross down zero.
The downtrend warning will trigger when EMA6 cuts to MA10. That's when the price creates a bottom and we'll wait for the market to go back to the Fibonacci threshold of 0.618 and start selling (or wait for the market to break down the trendline to sell).
Recommended RR: 1:1
If you have any questions please let me know!
RSI Custom LevelsRSI Custom Levels is a "one stop shop" for a complete strategy based on RSI.
AS per principal: RSI oscillates between 0-100 and therefore the indicator is build around various parameters of RSI. It comprises of 4 different levels of RSI and therefore highlights the candles accordingly.
Understanding each LEVEL:
Level 1 (Highlight): Highlights candles that have an RSI value (closing basis) less than Level 1 specified value (default 20)
Level 2 (Highlight): Highlights candles that have an RSI value (closing basis) greater than Level 1 specified value (default 20) and less than Level 2 specified value (default 45)
Level 4 (Highlight): Highlights candles that have an RSI value (closing basis) greater than Level 4 specified value (default 80)
Level 3 (Highlight): Highlights candles that have an RSI value (closing basis) greater than Level 3 specified value (default 55) and less than Level 4 specified value (default 80)
The most efficient way to trade is as follows:
TRENDING SETUPS:
Uptrend Setups: When RSI enters Level 3 with exit at Level 4
Downtrend Setups: When RSI enters Level 2 with exit at Level 1
SIDEWAYS APPLICATION:
When RSI is in between Level 2 and 3 that area has no highlights as the system considers it to be FLAT and non oscillating.
OVERSTRETCHED APPLICATIONS:
Downtrend Reversal: When RSI enters Level 2 from Level 1 that is a sign for a downtrend reversal.
Uptrend Reversal: When RSI enters Level 3 from Level 2 that is a sign for a uptrend reversal.
Moreover the most ideal scenario is to convert the colour of all candles into white (in dark theme) or black(in light theme) for best performance.
ZigLibLibrary "ZigLib"
Calculate the points for ZigZag++.
You can use custom data and resolution for your ZigZag++.
Sample Usage
import DevLucem/ZigLib/1 as ZigZag
= ZigZag.zigzag(low, high)
bgcolor(direction<0? color.rgb(255, 82, 82, 80): color.rgb(0, 230, 119, 80))
line zz = line.new(z1.time, z1.price, z2.time, z2.price, xloc.bar_time, width=3)
if direction==direction
line.delete(zz )
zigzag(_low, _high, depth, deviation, backstep)
Get current zigzag points and direction
Parameters:
_low (float)
_high (float)
depth (int)
deviation (int)
backstep (int)
Returns direction, chart point 1 and chart point 2
lib_profileLibrary "lib_profile"
a library with functions to calculate a volume profile for either a set of candles within the current chart, or a single candle from its lower timeframe security data. All you need is to feed the
method delete(this)
deletes this bucket's plot from the chart
Namespace types: Bucket
Parameters:
this (Bucket)
method delete(this)
Namespace types: Profile
Parameters:
this (Profile)
method delete(this)
Namespace types: Bucket
Parameters:
this (Bucket )
method delete(this)
Namespace types: Profile
Parameters:
this (Profile )
method update(this, top, bottom, value, fraction)
updates this bucket's data
Namespace types: Bucket
Parameters:
this (Bucket)
top (float)
bottom (float)
value (float)
fraction (float)
method update(this, tops, bottoms, values)
update this Profile's data (recalculates the whole profile and applies the result to this object) TODO optimisation to calculate this incremental to improve performance in realtime on high resolution
Namespace types: Profile
Parameters:
this (Profile)
tops (float ) : array of range top/high values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function
bottoms (float ) : array of range bottom/low values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function
values (float ) : array of range volume/1 values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function (1s can be used for analysing candles in bucket/price range over time)
method tostring(this)
allows debug print of a bucket
Namespace types: Bucket
Parameters:
this (Bucket)
method draw(this, start_t, start_i, end_t, end_i, args, line_color)
allows drawing a line in a Profile, representing this bucket and it's value + it's value's fraction of the Profile total value
Namespace types: Bucket
Parameters:
this (Bucket)
start_t (int) : the time x coordinate of the line's left end (depends on the Profile box)
start_i (int) : the bar_index x coordinate of the line's left end (depends on the Profile box)
end_t (int) : the time x coordinate of the line's right end (depends on the Profile box)
end_i (int) : the bar_index x coordinate of the line's right end (depends on the Profile box)
args (LineArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : the default arguments for the line style
line_color (color) : the color override for POC/VAH/VAL lines
method draw(this, forced_width)
draw all components of this Profile (Box, Background, Bucket lines, POC/VAH/VAL overlay levels and labels)
Namespace types: Profile
Parameters:
this (Profile)
forced_width (int) : allows to force width of the Profile Box, overrides the ProfileArgs.default_size and ProfileArgs.extend arguments (default: na)
method init(this)
Namespace types: ProfileArgs
Parameters:
this (ProfileArgs)
method init(this)
Namespace types: Profile
Parameters:
this (Profile)
profile(tops, bottoms, values, resolution, vah_pc, val_pc, bucket_buffer)
split a chart/parent bar into 'resolution' sections, figure out in which section the most volume/time was spent, by analysing a given set of (intra)bars' top/bottom/volume values. Then return price center of the bin with the highest volume, essentially marking the point of control / highest volume (poc) in the chart/parent bar.
Parameters:
tops (float ) : array of range top/high values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function
bottoms (float ) : array of range bottom/low values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function
values (float ) : array of range volume/1 values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function (1s can be used for analysing candles in bucket/price range over time)
resolution (int) : amount of buckets/price ranges to sort the candle data into (analyse how much volume / time was spent in a certain bucket/price range) (default: 25)
vah_pc (float) : a threshold percentage (of values' total) for the top end of the value area (default: 80)
val_pc (float) : a threshold percentage (of values' total) for the bottom end of the value area (default: 20)
bucket_buffer (Bucket ) : optional buffer of empty Buckets to fill, if omitted a new one is created and returned. The buffer length must match the resolution
Returns: poc (price level), vah (price level), val (price level), poc_index (idx in buckets), vah_index (idx in buckets), val_index (idx in buckets), buckets (filled buffer or new)
create_profile(start_idx, tops, bottoms, values, resolution, vah_pc, val_pc, args)
split a chart/parent bar into 'resolution' sections, figure out in which section the most volume/time was spent, by analysing a given set of (intra)bars' top/bottom/volume values. Then return price center of the bin with the highest volume, essentially marking the point of control / highest volume (poc) in the chart/parent bar.
Parameters:
start_idx (int) : the bar_index at which the Profile should start drawing
tops (float ) : array of range top/high values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function
bottoms (float ) : array of range bottom/low values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function
values (float ) : array of range volume/1 values (either from ltf or chart candles using history() function (1s can be used for analysing candles in bucket/price range over time)
resolution (int) : amount of buckets/price ranges to sort the candle data into (analyse how much volume / time was spent in a certain bucket/price range) (default: 25)
vah_pc (float) : a threshold percentage (of values' total) for the top end of the value area (default: 80)
val_pc (float) : a threshold percentage (of values' total) for the bottom end of the value area (default: 20)
args (ProfileArgs)
Returns: poc (price level), vah (price level), val (price level), poc_index (idx in buckets), vah_index (idx in buckets), val_index (idx in buckets), buckets (filled buffer or new)
history(src, len, offset)
allows fetching an array of values from the history series with offset from current candle
Parameters:
src (int)
len (int)
offset (int)
history(src, len, offset)
allows fetching an array of values from the history series with offset from current candle
Parameters:
src (float)
len (int)
offset (int)
history(src, len, offset)
allows fetching an array of values from the history series with offset from current candle
Parameters:
src (bool)
len (int)
offset (int)
history(src, len, offset)
allows fetching an array of values from the history series with offset from current candle
Parameters:
src (string)
len (int)
offset (int)
Bucket
Fields:
idx (series int) : the index of this Bucket within the Profile starting with 0 for the lowest Bucket at the bottom of the Profile
value (series float) : the value of this Bucket, can be volume or time, for using time pass and array of 1s to the update function
top (series float) : the top of this Bucket's price range (for calculation)
btm (series float) : the bottom of this Bucket's price range (for calculation)
center (series float) : the center of this Bucket's price range (for plotting)
fraction (series float) : the fraction this Bucket's value is compared to the total of the Profile
plot_bucket_line (Line type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : the line that resembles this bucket and it's valeu in the Profile
ProfileArgs
Fields:
show_poc (series bool) : whether to plot a POC line across the Profile Box (default: true)
show_profile (series bool) : whether to plot a line for each Bucket in the Profile Box, indicating the value per Bucket (Price range), e.g. volume that occured in a certain time and price range (default: false)
show_va (series bool) : whether to plot a VAH/VAL line across the Profile Box (default: false)
show_va_fill (series bool) : whether to fill the 'value' area between VAH/VAL line (default: false)
show_background (series bool) : whether to fill the Profile Box with a background color (default: false)
show_labels (series bool) : whether to add labels to the right end of the POC/VAH/VAL line (default: false)
show_price_levels (series bool) : whether add price values to the labels to the right end of the POC/VAH/VAL line (default: false)
extend (series bool) : whether extend the Profile Box to the current candle (default: false)
default_size (series int) : the default min. width of the Profile Box (default: 30)
args_poc_line (LineArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : arguments for the poc line plot
args_va_line (LineArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : arguments for the va line plot
args_poc_label (LabelArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : arguments for the poc label plot
args_va_label (LabelArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : arguments for the va label plot
args_profile_line (LineArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24) : arguments for the Bucket line plots
args_profile_bg (BoxArgs type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
va_fill_color (series color) : color for the va area fill plot
Profile
Fields:
start (series int) : left x coordinate for the Profile Box
end (series int) : right x coordinate for the Profile Box
resolution (series int) : the amount of buckets/price ranges the Profile will dissect the data into
vah_threshold_pc (series float) : the percentage of the total data value to mark the upper threshold for the main value area
val_threshold_pc (series float) : the percentage of the total data value to mark the lower threshold for the main value area
args (ProfileArgs) : the style arguments for the Profile Box
h (series float) : the highest price of the data
l (series float) : the lowest price of the data
total (series float) : the total data value (e.g. volume of all candles, or just one each to analyse candle distribution over time)
buckets (Bucket ) : the Bucket objects holding the data for each price range bucket
poc_bucket_index (series int) : the Bucket index in buckets, that holds the poc Bucket
vah_bucket_index (series int) : the Bucket index in buckets, that holds the vah Bucket
val_bucket_index (series int) : the Bucket index in buckets, that holds the val Bucket
poc (series float) : the according price level marking the Point Of Control
vah (series float) : the according price level marking the Value Area High
val (series float) : the according price level marking the Value Area Low
plot_poc (Line type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_vah (Line type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_val (Line type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_poc_label (Label type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_vah_label (Label type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_val_label (Label type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_va_fill (LineFill type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
plot_profile_bg (Box type from robbatt/lib_plot_objects/24)
Enhanced Smoothed RSIThe "Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor" indicator is a robust technical analysis tool designed to assist traders in identifying potential trends and reversals. This indicator combines elements of the Relative Strength Index (RSI) with a smoothed factor, enhancing its reliability and responsiveness. By visualizing the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor alongside the standard RSI and their associated upper and lower bands, traders gain insights into potential overbought and oversold conditions, facilitating more informed trading decisions.
How to Use:
Inputs Configuration : Adjust the indicator's parameters according to your trading preferences. Modify the source data (source) to suit the price data you want to analyze. Set the RSI period (rsiPeriod) for RSI calculations, the moving average period (movingAvgPeriod) for the bands, and the smoothing factor (factor) for enhanced responsiveness.
Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor : The indicator calculates the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor by applying an exponential moving average (EMA) to the RSI values. This factor reflects changes in price momentum.
Comparison with Standard RSI : Observe the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor and the standard RSI side by side on your chart. While the standard RSI offers insights into price momentum, the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor adds an extra layer of smoothing for potentially clearer trend indications.
Bands and Bar Coloring : The indicator plots upper and lower bands, which are derived from weighted and simple moving averages of the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor. The color of the bars changes based on the position of the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor relative to the bands. Green bars indicate values above the upper band, red bars indicate values below the lower band, and gray bars indicate values within the bands.
Overbought and Oversold Levels : The indicator provides horizontal lines at levels 140 and 80. When the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor crosses above 140, it suggests a potential bullish trend, while crossing below 80 suggests a potential bearish trend. Additionally, levels 200 and 180 indicate overbought conditions, and levels 100 and 80 indicate oversold conditions.
Additional Insights : The indicator's upper and lower bands provide valuable insights into potential trend reversals. When the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor crosses above the upper band, it may signal an overextended bullish trend. Conversely, a crossover below the lower band may indicate an overextended bearish trend.
Important Considerations :
This indicator is most effective when used in conjunction with other technical analysis tools and strategies.
It's recommended to avoid making trading decisions solely based on the Enhanced Smoothed RSI Factor. Combine it with other indicators, chart patterns, and fundamental analysis.
Adjust the overbought and oversold levels to align with your trading strategy and the specific market conditions.
Please remember that trading involves risks, and the indicator's signals are not guaranteed. Always conduct thorough research and consider using a practice account before implementing any trading strategy.
Expected Move from RSI [SS]Publishing this experimental indicator.
What it does:
The indicator uses a user-defined lookback period on a user-defined timeframe to lookback at all instances of RSI. It breaks RSI down as follows:
RSI between
0 - 10
10 - 20
20 - 30
30 - 40
40 - 50
50 - 60
60 - 70
70 - 80
80 - 90
90 - 100
From there, it stores the ticker's move from open to high and open to low. It will then use this data to look at the current RSI based on the specified timeframe and plot the expected move based on the average move the ticker does with a similar RSI reading.
It will plot the expected range, with the high range being plotted in green and the low range being plotted in red.
It will also display an infographic that dictates the current RSI based on the selected time frame, the anticipated up move and the anticipated down move. This infographic will also tell you the strength of the relationship (correlation) RSI has with the ticker's high or low price:
From there the user can determine whether this RSI reading is traditionally bullish or bearish for the ticker. A greater down move indicates that the RSI traditionally elicits a bearish response. A greater up move indicates the inverse.
The user can also view a chart of a breakdown of the anticipated moves based on RSI. If the option to "Show Expected Move Table" is select in the settings menu, the following table will appear:
From here you can see the average up move and down move a ticker does based on its corresponding RSI reading.
NOTE: When using the table, please adjust your chart timeframe to the selected timeframe on the indicator. Thus, if you are looking at the 1 hour levels, please adjust your chart to the 1 hour timeframe to use the chart.
Additional Note: When using the table, an "NaN" means that there are no instances of the ticker being at that RSI level within the designated timeframe period. You can extend your lookback period to up to 500 candles to see if it finds additional instances of similar RSI. Otherwise, you can adjust the selected timeframe.
Uses:
The indicator can be used on all timeframes. It can help give you an idea as to whether the RSI indicates a bearish or bullish sentiment.
It can signal a potential reversal or continuation. It can also help you with determining target prices for day trades and scalp trades.
And that is the indicator. Its pretty straight forward. It is experimental and new, so feel free to play around with it and let me know your thoughts.
Safe trades everyone and thank you for reading!
Savitzky-Golay Filtered Chande Momentum OscillatorThe Savitzky-Golay Filtered Chande Momentum Oscillator (SGCMO) is a modified version of the Chande Momentum Oscillator that functions as a powerful analytical tool, capable of detecting trends and mean reversals. By applying a Savitzky-Golay filter to the price data, the oscillator provides enhanced visualization and smoother readings. (credit to © anieri for the Savitzky-Golay filter code: www.tradingview.com)
Chande Momentum Oscillator
The Chande Momentum Oscillator (CMO) is a technical indicator developed by Tushar Chande. It measures the momentum of an asset's price movement and provides insights into the overbought or oversold conditions of the market. The CMO calculates the difference between the sum of positive price changes and the sum of negative price changes over a specified period, and then normalizes it to a scale between -100 and +100. Traders and investors use the CMO to identify potential trend reversals, confirm the strength of a current trend, and generate buy or sell signals.
Smoothing
The Savitzky-Golay filter is a digital filter commonly employed for smoothing and noise reduction in time-series data. In the context of the SGCMO, the aim is to effectively smooth the CMO values, reducing the impact of short-term fluctuations and providing clearer insights into underlying trends. Additionally, an exponential moving average (EMA) filter is applied to further reduce noise and enhance trend visibility. This filtered CMO indicator may provide traders and investors with a clearer and more refined representation of momentum changes in the underlying asset, helping them make more informed trading decisions.
Application
The SGCMO serves as both a trend-following and mean-reversion tool. Traders can track the current trend using bullish white lines or bearish orange lines in trending markets. Alternatively, they can utilize green and red vertical lines, which indicate price retracement and help capture pullbacks and reversals. Green vertical lines appear when the trend reverses upwards in an oversold zone (-50 to -80), while red vertical lines indicate negative trend reversals in an overbought zone (50 to 80). Opening long positions when green and white lines appear, or short positions when red and orange lines are visible, can be considered. However, it is advisable to combine this indicator with other complementary technical analysis tools and incorporate it into a comprehensive trading strategy to maximize its effectiveness.
Stochastic Zone Strength Trend [wbburgin](This script was originally invite-only, but I'd vastly prefer contributing to the TradingView community more than anything else, so I am making it public :) I'd much rather share my ideas with you all.)
The Stochastic Zone Strength Trend indicator is a very powerful momentum and trend indicator that 1) identifies trend direction and strength, 2) determines pullbacks and reversals (including oversold and overbought conditions), 3) identifies divergences, and 4) can filter out ranges. I have some examples below on how to use it to its full effectiveness. It is composed of two components: Stochastic Zone Strength and Stochastic Trend Strength.
Stochastic Zone Strength
At its most basic level, the stochastic Zone Strength plots the momentum of the price action of the instrument, and identifies bearish and bullish changes with a high degree of accuracy. Think of the stochastic Zone Strength as a much more robust equivalent of the RSI. Momentum-change thresholds are demonstrated by the "20" and "80" levels on the indicator (see below image).
Stochastic Trend Strength
The stochastic Trend Strength component of the script uses resistance in each candlestick to calculate the trend strength of the instrument. I'll go more into detail about the settings after my description of how to use the indicator, but there are two forms of the stochastic Trend Strength:
Anchored at 50 (directional stochastic Trend Strength):
The directional stochastic Trend Strength can be used similarly to the MACD difference or other histogram-like indicators : a rising plot indicates an upward trend, while a falling plot indicates a downward trend.
Anchored at 0 (nondirectional stochastic Trend Strength):
The nondirectional stochastic Trend Strength can be used similarly to the ADX or other non-directional indicators : a rising plot indicates increasing trend strength, and look at the stochastic Zone Strength component and your instrument to determine if this indicates increasing bullish strength or increasing bearish strength (see photo below):
(In the above photo, a bearish divergence indicated that the high Trend Strength predicted a strong downwards move, which was confirmed shortly after. Later, a bullish move upward by the Zone Strength while the Trend Strength was elevated predicated a strong upwards move, which was also confirmed. Note the period where the Trend Strength never reached above 80, which indicated a ranging period (and thus unprofitable to enter or exit)).
How to Use the Indicator
The above image is a good example on how to use the indicator to determine divergences and possible pivot points (lines and circles, respectively). I recommend using both the stochastic Zone Strength and the stochastic Trend Strength at the same time, as it can give you a robust picture of where momentum is in relation to the price action and its trajectory. Every color is changeable in the settings.
Settings
The Amplitude of the indicator is essentially the high-low lookback for both components.
The Wavelength of the indicator is how stretched-out you want the indicator to be: how many amplitudes do you want the indicator to process in one given bar.
A useful analogy that I use (and that I derived the names from) is from traditional physics. In wave motion, the Amplitude is the up-down sensitivity of the wave, and the Wavelength is the side-side stretch of the wave.
The Smoothing Factor of the settings is simply how smoothed you want the stochastic to be. It's not that important in most circumstances.
Trend Anchor was covered above (see my description of Trend Strength). The "Trend Transform MA Length" is the EMA length of the Trend Strength that you use to transform it into the directional oscillator. Think of the EMA being transformed onto the 50 line and then the Trend Strength being dragged relative to that.
Trend Transform MA Length is the EMA length you want to use for transforming the nondirectional Trend Strength (anchored at 0) into the directional Trend Strength (anchored at 50). I suggest this be the same as the wavelength.
Trend Plot Type can transform the Nondirectional Trend Strength into a line plot so that it doesn't murk up the background.
Finally, the colors are changeable on the bottom.
Explanation of Zone Strength
If you're knowledgeable in Pine Script, I encourage you to look at the code to try to understand the concept, as it's a little complicated. The theory behind my Zone Strength concept is that the wicks in every bar can be used create an index of bullish and bearish resistance, as a wick signifies that the price crossed above a threshold before returning to its origin. This distance metric is unique because most indicators/formulas for calculating relative strength use a displacement metric (such as close - open) instead of measuring how far the price actually moved (up and down) within a candlestick. This is what the Zone Strength concept represents - the hesitation within the bar that is not typically represented in typical momentum indicators.
In the script's code I have step by step explanations of how the formula is calculated and why it is calculated as such. I encourage you to play around with the amplitude and wavelength inputs as they can make the zone strength look very different and perform differently depending on your interests.
Enjoy!
Walker
REVE Cohorts - Range Extension Volume Expansion CohortsREVE Cohorts stands for Range Extensions Volume Expansions Cohorts.
Volume is divided in four cohorts, these are depicted in the middle band with colors and histogram spikes.
0-80 percent i.e. low volumes; these get a green color and a narrow histogram bar
80-120 percent, normal volumes, these get a blue color and a narrow histogram bar
120-200 percent, high volume, these get an orange color and a wide histogram bar
200 and more percent is extreme volume, maroon color and wide bar.
All histogram bars have the same length. They point to the exact candle where the volume occurs.
Range is divided in two cohorts, these are depicted as candles above and below the middle band.
0-120 percent: small and normal range, depicted as single size, square candles
120 percent and more, wide range depicted as double size, rectangular candles.
The range candles are placed and colored according to the Advanced Price Algorithm (published script). If the trend is up, the candles are in the uptrend area, which is above the volume band, , downtrend candles below in the downtrend area. Dark blue candles depict a price movement which confirms the uptrend, these are of course in the uptrend area. In this area are also light red candles with a blue border, these depict a faltering price movement countering the uptrend. In the downtrend area, which is below the volume band, are red candles which depict a price movement confirming the downtrend and light blue candles with a red border depicting price movement countering the downtrend. A trend in the Advanced Price Algorithm is in equal to the direction of a simple moving average with the same lookback. The indicator has the same lagging.as this SMA.
Signals are placed in the vacated spaces, e.g. during an uptrend the downtrend area is vacated.
There are six signals, which arise as follows:
1 Two blue triangles up on top of each other: high or extreme volume in combination with wide range confirming uptrend. This indicates strong and effective up pressure in uptrend
2 Two pink tringles down on top of each other: high or extreme volume in combination with wide range down confirming downtrend. This indicates strong and effective down pressure in downtrend
3 Blue square above pink down triangle down: extreme volume in combination with wide range countering uptrend. This indicates a change of heart, down trend is imminent, e.g. during a reversal pattern. Down Pressure in uptrend
4 Pink square below blue triangle up: extreme volume in combination with wide range countering downtrend. This indicates a change of heart, reversal to uptrend is imminent. Up Pressure in downtrend
5 single blue square: a. extreme volume in combination with small range confirming uptrend, b. extreme volume in combination with small range countering downtrend, c. high volume in combination with wide range countering uptrend. This indicates halting upward price movement, occurs often at tops or during distribution periods. Unresolved pressure in uptrend
6 Single pink square: a extreme volume in combination with small range confirming downtrend, b extreme volume in combination with small range countering uptrend, c high volume in combination with wide range countering downtrend. This indicated halting downward price movement. Occurs often at bottoms or during accumulation periods. Unresolved pressure in downtrend.
The signals 5 and 6 are introduced to prevent flipping of signals into their opposite when the lookback is changed. Now signals may only change from unresolved in directional or vice versa. Signals 3 and 4 were introduced to make sure that all occurrences of extreme volume will result in a signal. Occurrences of wide volume only partly lead to a signal.
Use of REVE Cohorts.
This is the indicator for volume-range analyses that I always wanted to have. Now that I managed to create it, I put it in all my charts, it is often the first part I look at, In my momentum investment system I use it primarily in the layout for following open positions. It helps me a lot to decide whether to close or hold a position. The advantage over my previous attempts to create a REVE indicator (published scripts), is that this version is concise because it reports and classifies all possible volumes and ranges, you see periods of drying out of volume, sequences of falter candles, occurrences of high morning volume, warning and confirming signals.. The assessment by script whether some volume should be considered low, normal, high or extreme gives an edge over using the standard volume bars.
Settings of REVE Cohorts
The default setting for lookback is ‘script sets lookback’ I put this in my indicators because I want them harmonized, the script sets lookback according to timeframe. The tooltip informs which lookback will be set at which timeframe, you can enable a feedback label to show the current lookback. If you switch ‘script sets lookback’ off, you can set your own preferred user lookback. The script self-adapts its settings in such a way that it will show up from the very first bar of historical chart data, it adds volume starting at the fourth bar.
You can switch off volume cohorts, only range candles will show while the middle band disappears. Signals will remain if volume is present in the data. Some Instruments have no volume data, e.g. SPX-S&P 500 Index,, then only range candles will be shown.
Colors can be adapted in the inputs. Because the script calculates matching colors with more transparency it is advised to use 100 percent opacity in these settings.
Take care, Eykpunter
Stochastic Oversold / Overbought Multi Time Frame on CandleAt the suggestion of a friend, I prepared this educational indicator to show how to use a Multi time frames on the chart based on the color of The Candle.
This Script calculates the stochastic oscillator for multiple timeframes and displays the overbought/oversold signals on the chart with color coding.
The stochastic oscillator is a momentum indicator that compares a security's closing price to its high-low range over a set number of periods. The indicator oscillates between 0 and 100, with readings above 80 considered overbought and readings below 20 considered oversold.
The indicator has the following input parameters:
%K Length: the number of periods used to calculate the stochastic oscillator (default is 14).
%K Smoothing: the number of periods used to smooth the stochastic oscillator (default is 1).
Three timeframes: The timeframes for which the stochastic oscillator is calculated can be set as 15-minute, 1-hour, or 4-hour intervals. For each timeframe, the user can choose to display the indicator (or not) and set the color of the candle. The user can also set the overbought and oversold levels (default is 80 and 20, respectively).
The indicator calculates the stochastic oscillator using the ta.stoch function from the built-in ta library in PineScript. It then uses the ta.sma function to smooth the stochastic oscillator if specified. Finally, the indicator uses the TimeframFuction to calculate the stochastic oscillator for different timeframes, which is then displayed on the chart using the barcolor function. The color of the candle is set based on whether the stochastic oscillator is overbought or oversold, as determined by the overbought/oversold levels specified by the user.
Note: This code is example for you to use multi timeframe in your indicator or Strategy , also prevent Repainting Calculation
